A data catalog is a central repository or database that stores metadata about an organization's data assets. Metadata is information that describes the characteristics and context of data, such as its format, source, owner, and usage.
A data catalog serves as a reference point for data within an organization, providing a centralized view of all available data assets and enabling users to discover, understand, and access data that is relevant to their needs. It can also include data lineage information, which traces the movement and transformation of data through an organization's systems and processes.
Data catalogs are useful for organizations that have a large amount of data spread across multiple systems and locations, as they provide a way to search and browse data assets, and can help to improve data governance and management. They can also help to facilitate collaboration and data sharing within an organization, and can be used to improve data quality by enabling data profiling and data lineage tracking.